Naphtha is a broad term for a flammable, liquid hydrocarbon mixture derived primarily from the distillation of crude oil, though it can also be produced from coal tar, natural gas condensates, or other petroleum streams. It typically boils in the range of approximately 30°C to 200°C and consists mainly of paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics with carbon numbers roughly in the C5–C12 range. Naphtha is one of the most important intermediate feedstocks in the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries: light naphtha (C5–C6) is used as a gasoline blending component and solvent, while heavy naphtha (C7–C12) is the primary feedstock for catalytic reforming to produce high-octane gasoline and aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylene). It is also the dominant feedstock for steam crackers producing ethylene, propylene, and other olefins in regions outside North America. Additional uses include solvents in paints, coatings, adhesives, and cleaning products, as well as a diluent in oil sands operations.
How About the Price?
Key Influence Events
Data source: UN Comtrade monthly trade statistics (https://comtradeapi.un.org/public/v1/preview/C/M/HS?period=202606&cmdCode=271012&partnerCode=0&flowCode=X&includeDesc=true) | Last updated: 2026-09-24
Price Trajectory, latest 12 months (2025-07 to 2026-06)
The monthly customs export unit value for HS 271012 moved from USD 594/ton in 2025-07 to USD 844/ton in 2026-06 (+42.2% across the window). The window high was USD 919/ton in 2026-05 and the low USD 554/ton in 2026-01. Three-month averages put the latest quarter +41.0% against the previous one, which is classified here as bullish.
The same panel reported USD 100,525.9 million of export value on 153,287,688 tonnes over the twelve months, an average of 12,773,974 tonnes a month. These are customs returns for the stated HS heading, so they capture the traded mix of that heading rather than a single quoted grade.
Supply-side factors
- Fixed reporting panel of 11 economies: BRA, CAN, CZE, DEU, HUN, MYS, NLD, POL, SWE, EGY, USA. The panel is constant in every month of the window, so month-to-month movement is not a composition effect.
- Monthly unit value range over the window: USD 554 to USD 919/ton.
- Latest month, 2026-06: USD 844/ton, -8.1% against the previous month, on 13,154,128 tonnes.
Demand-side factors
- No specific demand-side factors recorded in the provided influence log during 2020 to 2025 period.
Related market pages on this site: Gasoline, Crude Oil, Ethylene, Benzene market analysis.
Basis: these are customs unit values for the stated HS heading, not quoted spot, contract or assessed prices, and no paid price assessment is used or redistributed on this page. Every figure can be re-checked at the API links listed at the end of this page. Coverage note: HS 271012 covers light petroleum oils and preparations; naphtha shares the line with gasoline, white spirit and similar light streams.
Top Countries Production Capacity
| Property | Typical Value / Range | Unit | Grade / Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling Range (IBP–FBP) | 30–90 | °C | Light Naphtha |
| Boiling Range (IBP–FBP) | 90–200 | °C | Heavy Naphtha |
| Boiling Range (IBP–FBP) | 30–200 | °C | Full-Range Naphtha |
| Density at 15°C | 0.630–0.680 | g/cm³ | Light Naphtha |
| Density at 15°C | 0.700–0.770 | g/cm³ | Heavy Naphtha |
| Research Octane Number (RON) | 60–70 | — | Straight-Run Light Naphtha |
| Research Octane Number (RON) | 40–60 | — | Straight-Run Heavy Naphtha |
| Paraffin Content (PONA) | 40–80 | vol% | Paraffinic Naphtha (cracker feed) |
| Naphthene Content (PONA) | 20–50 | vol% | Naphthenic Naphtha (reformer feed) |
| Aromatic Content (PONA) | 5–15 | vol% | Straight-Run Naphtha |
| Sulfur Content | <10–500 | ppm wt | Hydrotreated / Untreated |
| Sulfur Content (hydrotreated) | <1–10 | ppm wt | Hydrotreated Naphtha |
| Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) | 0.3–0.9 | bar | Light Naphtha |
| Flash Point | <–20 to –10 | °C | Light Naphtha |
| Flash Point | –10 to 30 | °C | Heavy Naphtha |
| Net Calorific Value | 43–44 | MJ/kg | General |
| Copper Strip Corrosion | Class 1 | ASTM D130 | All grades |
| Color (Saybolt) | +25 to +30 | — | Hydrotreated Naphtha |
Data Sources
Price, volume and capacity figures on this page are computed from the public sources listed below; no subscription assessment data is used or redistributed.
- UN Comtrade monthly public trade statistics — HS 271012, exports, by month (2025-07 to 2026-06): 2025-07, 2025-08, 2025-09, 2025-10, 2025-11, 2025-12, 2026-01, 2026-02, 2026-03, 2026-04, 2026-05, 2026-06
- Fixed reporting panel for this series: BRA, CAN, CZE, DEU, HUN, MYS, NLD, POL, SWE, EGY, USA. The exact API calls are the per-month links above.
- Capacity / output figures: JODI-Oil World Database, 2025 annual file (naphtha refinery output), annual totals built from monthly kilotonnes — https://www.jodidata.org/_resources/files/downloads/oil-data/annual-csv/secondary/2025.csv. Download page: jodidata.org/oil/database/data-downloads.aspx. A country is included only if it filed a numeric figure in all 12 months of 2025 (59 countries qualified); the Global row is the sum of those reporting countries, not a world estimate.
Who are the Top Players?
| Company | Headquarters | Key Facilities |
|---|---|---|
| ExxonMobil Corporation | Spring, Texas, USA | Baytown TX, Beaumont TX, Baton Rouge LA, Joliet IL, Singapore |
| Shell plc | The Hague, Netherlands | Moerdijk, Netherlands, Norco LA, USA |
| Saudi Aramco | Dhahran, Saudi Arabia | Ras Tanura, Jubail, Rabigh, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia |
| Reliance Industries Limited | Mumbai, Maharashtra, India | Jamnagar, Gujarat, India, Hazira, Gujarat, India, Dahej, Gujarat, India |
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